{"id":6667,"date":"2018-11-15T10:20:43","date_gmt":"2018-11-15T09:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/?p=6667"},"modified":"2019-05-03T10:21:07","modified_gmt":"2019-05-03T09:21:07","slug":"the-mystery-of-herxheim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\/","title":{"rendered":"The Mystery of Herxheim"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>It happened 7,000 years ago in the New Stone Age. Approximately 1,000 people were killed; their bodies smashed and buried in today\u2019s Herxheim in the Southern Palatinate. Victims? Cannibalism? Archaeologists across the world argue about the backdrop to the mysterious ritual event. The local museum displays the state of the art research results and tells an exciting Stone Age thriller\u2014as it unfolds.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Since 1995, nothing has stayed the same in Herxheim bei Landau in the Palatinate. A new industrial estate was about to be created to the west of the municipality, when something unexpected happened: Archaeologists discovered innumerable bones and bone pieces in the fertile loess soil: smashed human skulls, shattered jaws\u2014the remains of a massacre?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6616\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Jutta Hartmann, head of the local tourist bureau \u201cS\u00fcdliche Weinstrasse Herxheim\u201d (Southern Wine Route Herxheim) remembers well the time the excavations began. She was one of the persons kneeling in the causewayed enclosures, carefully clearing away the soil layer by layer with a brush: \u201cMany Herxheim locals and amateur archaeologists joined the excavation team. The amateurs put anything unusual that we found on a wooden batten and the professionals assessed the pieces later.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6660\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-51-von-55.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6660\" class=\"wp-image-6660 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-51-von-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-51-von-55.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-51-von-55-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-51-von-55-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6660\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Archaeologist and director of Museum Herxheim Lhilydd Frank with Jutta Hartmann, head of the local tourist bureau \u201cS\u00fcdliche Weinstrasse Herxheim\u201d.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The team of scientists headed by archaeologist Dr. Andrea Zeeb-Lanz from the Generaldirektion Kulturelles Erbe Landesarch\u00e4ologie Speyer (directorate general for cultural inheritance of the state\u2019s archaeology in Speyer) puts the pieces together like in a thriller\u2014and they are a long way from finishing the puzzle. They keep on gaining new insights, some of which are distressing in the light of our moral understanding. \u201cThe victims may have been killed at the very site. In any case their bodies were dismembered and bones smashed into pieces shortly after their death. The spiral form of the bone fractures, amongst other facts, suggests this,\u201d archaeologist Lhilydd Frank explains. She studied prehistory and ancient history in Heidelberg and is the current director of the Herxheim museum that is housed in an 18<sup>th<\/sup>century tobacco farm and displays the world of the Stone Age Linear Pottery culture.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Piles of tiny bone pieces lie in the museum\u2019s showcases, marked with small black numbers and figures. \u201cThe bodies were shattered systematically,\u201d Lhilydd says, and you watch with dismay the cutting traces in the bones\u2014traces like a butcher dismembering an animal would leave them. The bones are from an estimated 1,000 men, women and children and there are also animal bones, sherds and stone artefacts. Research suggests that the mysterious, shockingly brutal ritual was enacted several times over a period of 50 years. The shattering cannot have been a usual form of funeral as carefully carried out and rule-bound funeral rites of the same culture show\u2014such as the most famous exhibit in the Herxheim museum. The South Tyroleans have \u201c\u00d6tzi\u201d\u2014the Palatinate people have \u201cHerxi\u201d: This excellently documented crouched burial of a male adult from the Stone Age has an almost magical power of attraction over museum visitors. From the museum ground floor visitors can observe him through a glass floor directly beneath. His fellow men buried \u201cHerxi\u201d in the foetal position; he seems peaceful.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cVisitors, who come to the museum, do so out of deliberate choice. They are very interested and put up with long distances to come here.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-GB\">The museum floor that visitors enter first is in fact a peaceful place. Visitors learn that New Stone Age \u201cHerxheim\u201d locals were diligent and settled farmers, living in long houses. They made clothes, arrowheads and jewellery pieces. They decorated their vessels with typical carvings and linear patterns on their ceramics from which the culture\u2019s current name was derived: \u201cBandkeramik\u201d (linear band pottery).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-25-von-55.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6634\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-25-von-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-25-von-55.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-25-von-55-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-25-von-55-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>But 7,000 years ago something unusual happened and the peaceful bands broke\u2014in the proper sense of the word. \u201cSome facts suggest that the linear band people were suffering from a kind of identity crises at the time the mysterious ritual was carried out,\u201d says Lhilydd. You cannot ask anyone about it anymore, however, the decorative ornaments on the pottery changed and the universal linear band pottery culture broke up into local groups\u2014before disappearing altogether.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-5-von-55.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6614\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-5-von-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-5-von-55.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-5-von-55-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-5-von-55-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Archaeologists have discovered that the ancient \u201cHerxheim\u201d locals were not the victims of these rituals. \u201cAn examination of the victims\u2019 tooth enamel shows that they did not live on loess soil\u2014that means not here,\u201d Lhilydd explains, \u201cthe victims came from granite rock regions\u2014hence from the mountains.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Were they forced here? Did they sacrifice themselves as offerings to gods? Did the conductors of the ritual eat the human flesh afterwards? And why did this unusually big incident occur here of all places? A mystery that raises many questions and to which there are hardly any definitive answers yet.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-55-von-55.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6664\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-55-von-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-55-von-55.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-55-von-55-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-55-von-55-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-GB\">A special tourist group is visiting the museum in Herxheim today. \u201cThis is no place for average tourists,\u201d Jutta says. Average tourists look for wine and social gatherings\u2014that\u2019s all over the Palatinate. \u201cBut the visitors, who come to the museum, do so out of deliberate choice. They are very interested and put up with long distances to come here.\u201d Hardly surprising: National and international response to the finds in Herxheim was remarkable. The German journal \u201cZeit Wissen\u201d reported about it and so did the German publication \u201cBild\u201d, The Guardian and the French magazine \u201cArch\u00e9ologue.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-41-von-55.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6650\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-41-von-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-41-von-55.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-41-von-55-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-41-von-55-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Jutta tells us with enthusiasm about the positive response to the way Herxheim comes to terms with the New Stone Age. The Herxheim-born skilled business manager has managed the local tourist bureau since 2000 and radiates waves of positive energy. In summer 2018, all 51 tourist bureaus of the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region were tested in a secret evaluation of service to find out \u201chow good the visitors\u2019 services in the region are.\u201d Jutta and her team scored the best results in telephone call and e-mail enquiry services. Smart events they organized, such as \u201cwheeled wine-tasting sessions\u201d or cigars made in the traditional tobacco-growing municipality Herxheim may have also helped. And then, there is this unique museum holding the remains of 1,000 people, which carries the New Stone Age into our present. Macabre as it may be: Herxheim locals are made for sacrificing their lifeblood.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.museum-herxheim.de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.museum-herxheim.de<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/herxheim.suedlicheweinstrasse.de\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Verein S\u00fcdliche Weinstrasse Herxheim e.V.<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"cXedhc uQ4NLd\">\n<div class=\"dbg0pd\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">\n<div><wbr \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cXedhc uQ4NLd\">\n<div class=\"dbg0pd\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\">\n<div><wbr \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It happened 7,000 years ago in the New Stone Age. Approximately 1,000 people were killed; their bodies smashed and buried in today\u2019s Herxheim in the Southern Palatinate. Victims? Cannibalism? Archaeologists across the world argue about the backdrop to the mysterious ritual event. The local museum displays the state of the art research results and tells &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Mystery of Herxheim - wo sonst<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Mystery of Herxheim - wo sonst\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"It happened 7,000 years ago in the New Stone Age. Approximately 1,000 people were killed; their bodies smashed and buried in today\u2019s Herxheim in the Southern Palatinate. Victims? Cannibalism? Archaeologists across the world argue about the backdrop to the mysterious ritual event. The local museum displays the state of the art research results and tells ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"wo sonst\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/wosonst.eu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-11-15T09:20:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-05-03T09:21:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ralf Laubscher\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ralf Laubscher\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Laubscher\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a496069e50fdc53513fb2f8d6d08ed30\"},\"headline\":\"The Mystery of Herxheim\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-11-15T09:20:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-05-03T09:21:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1051,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/11\\\/herxheim_jbf-7-von-55.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Culture\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/the-mystery-of-herxheim\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Mystery of Herxheim - 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Approximately 1,000 people were killed; their bodies smashed and buried in today\u2019s Herxheim in the Southern Palatinate. Victims? Cannibalism? Archaeologists across the world argue about the backdrop to the mysterious ritual event. 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