{"id":3986,"date":"2017-06-01T09:03:35","date_gmt":"2017-06-01T08:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/?p=3986"},"modified":"2018-01-18T14:57:42","modified_gmt":"2018-01-18T13:57:42","slug":"roots-into-the-future","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/roots-into-the-future\/","title":{"rendered":"Roots into the future"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Speyer, Worms and Mainz have a rich Jewish heritage. This is why Susanne Urban wants UNESCO to designate them as a world heritage site. Their monuments are more than 1,000 years old\u2014and their messages still relevant. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The first thing that comes to mind is the children of the deceased. Johanna Pfung\u2019s gravestone looks like a mighty tree trunk which was suddenly chopped off\u2014and yet has so many shoots that one is immediately reminded of her family. Of all the descendants that this woman, born in 1802 and buried in Worms in 1889, might have had. An oak tree made of stone but nevertheless full of life\u2014could there be a better symbol for this place than this gravestone in the \u201cHeiliger Sand\u201d (\u201choly sand\u201d) cemetery in Worms? Here, nearly 2,500 monuments rise up, often made of red sandstone in which Jewish history has left many traces since the 11<sup>th<\/sup> century. Tombs as far as the eye can see, some sunk in and weather-beaten. Perhaps this is exactly the reason why they have such an incredible presence\u2014the Jewish cemetery in Worms being the oldest preserved such cemetery in Europe.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3978\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1043\" height=\"696\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558.jpg 1043w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1043px) 100vw, 1043px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>That it still exists today, surviving the Nazi era and numerous other pogroms, as well, borders on the miraculous. Susanne Urban loves coming here, and not just because this cemetery constitutes an important part of her work. \u201cThe desire to remember is incredibly strong,\u201d she says\u2014and in one way or another a sentence like this says a lot about who she is. As a child she read the book \u201cA Square of Sky\u201d by Janina David and this made such an impression on her that she engaged in a long-lasting correspondence with the London-based author. She studied history and wrote her doctoral thesis on Jewish publishers. She worked as a journalist for the Jewish journal \u201cTrib\u00fcne\u201d and went to Israel for five years, where she, amongst other things, organised seminars for German teachers at the documentation centre Yad Vashem. She received one of the few permanent historian positions as the head of the \u201cInternational Tracing Service\u201d in Bad Arolsen, an archive for research on the Nazi era and on survival. She quit because the position in Worms appealed to her so greatly.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0437.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3977\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0437.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"946\" height=\"696\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0437.jpg 946w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0437-300x221.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0437-768x565.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 946px) 100vw, 946px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>As the managing director of the association \u201cShUM cities Speyer, Worms, Mainz,\u201d Susanne Urban works on the application for the UNESCO world heritage recognition. The acronym ShUM stands for the initial letters of the place names in Hebrew: Shin (Sh) for Shpira (Speyer), Waw (U) for Warmaisa (Worms) and Mem (M) for Magenza (Mainz). The three cities together were something like a spiritual centre of Judaism in Europe along the Rhine with prominent scholars teaching here. All three locations had the same jurisdiction. \u201cAnd there is unity everywhere, even down to the architecture,\u201d Urban explains. Synagogues and mikvaot, the Jewish ritual baths, had the same design characteristics. In 1212, a women\u2019s section was added to the synagogue in Worms\u2014the first in Europe.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Slips of paper everywhere, the so-called \u201cquittlech\u201d with wishes or requests written down on them, are placed on the graves and weighed down with stones. A particularly large number can be found in direct proximity to the entrance to the cemetery in Worms. There are such huge piles of them on two tombstones that they regularly have to be cleared away\u2014and buried. So that all the wishes and requests come true. Some are for Alexander ben Salomon Wimpfen, a merchant from Frankfurt, but most of them for Rabbi Meir von Rothenburg (1215-1293), whose elegy is still sung in the synagogues today and whose fate is something akin to a legal case study: The scholar wanted to emigrate. But when Rudolf von Habsburg arrested him, willing to set him free only after a hefty ransom was paid, he changed his mind. Due to the fact, among others, that he did not want the incident to set a precedence for arresting other Rabbis and Jews in general.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIn the 19<sup>th<\/sup> century, there was a downright ShUM tourism boom\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The characters and symbolic ornaments on many of the tombstones bear witness to the life of the deceased, their professions, positions within the community, families and lineage. Two white hands raised for blessing are depicted on the tombstone of Jakob Kuhn (1830-1888). They point to the fact that he comes from the family of priests who once served in the temple in Jerusalem. There are graves of twelve community leaders who were murdered. A mass burial site it seems, where people killed during the crusades were buried. And there is the grave of the scholar Maharil whose wish was to be buried facing Jerusalem, the only one with that wish. \u201cFor the ShUM Jews their home town in Worms was their Jerusalem on the Rhine,\u201d Susanne Urban says\u2014maybe that is why all but Maharil look over more than 2,000 graves but do not face Jerusalem. This is not based on certain facts, since myths and legends are as important as the monuments and scholarliness in ShUM culture.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0615.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3958\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0615.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1043\" height=\"696\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0615.jpg 1043w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0615-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0615-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0615-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1043px) 100vw, 1043px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The most well-known scholar who studied in Worms and Mainz would appear to be Rabbi Schlomo ben Jizchak, named Raschi (1040-1105), whose commentaries are used as a resource for Torah interpretation to this day. In the old synagogue, not only is the inscription of the founders of 1034 still preserved, but also the so-called Raschi chair dating from the 17<sup>th<\/sup> century in the teaching house next door. \u201cHe never actually sat on it, but it nonetheless is his place, on which his great spirit can take a seat. In the 19<sup>th<\/sup> century, there was a downright ShUM tourism boom,\u201d Susanne Urban tells us, with even postcards of the synagogue and the cemetery being printed. Today, many tens of thousands of people come to Worms and they also visit the ShUM places. \u201cIn Speyer it is even 50,000,\u201d says Urban. There you can find remnants of the Medieval synagogue and the mikve, in Mainz the reconstructed cemetery \u201cJudensand\u201d (\u201cJews\u2019 sand\u201d), all of these belong to the sites to be designated by UNESCO.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0574.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3944\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1026\" height=\"685\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0574.jpg 1026w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0574-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0574-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0574-1024x684.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1026px) 100vw, 1026px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>How do you deal with places such as these? How do you explain them to outsiders and how many visitors can they sustain? Susanne Urban works on these issues with cities, municipalities and the state, as well as with conservationists and historians. Plans are now beginning to be made about how the opening ceremony of the monumental cemetery in Mainz could look, which so far has not been easily accessible for the public. The documentation of the Raschi museum only a few paces away from her office in Worms ends in the 1980s and there is no visitor centre.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0406-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3968\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0406-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1286\" height=\"858\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0406-1.jpg 1286w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0406-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0406-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0406-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1286px) 100vw, 1286px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Susanne Urban\u2019s office is in the \u201cHaus zur Sonne\u201d, \u201chouse to the sun\u201d, right next to the synagogue which used to be the school for Jewish children since 1935\u2014until their deportation in 1941. Today, the rooms of the house are used again by the small Jewish community with Jewish life returning to the city\u2014slowly but noticeably. Before the holocaust, approximately 1,000 Jews lived in Worms. \u201cToday, there are about 100,\u201d Susanne Urban says.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0589.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3966\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0589.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"657\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0589.jpg 985w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0589-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0589-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe ShUM sites would be the first to have world heritage status focussing on Judaism.\u201d There was, for example, the former fortress Masada in Israel, but its roots were Roman, she explains. Or Prague and T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d \u2014city ensembles which integrate Jewishness but do not emphasise it. In Worms, however, Jewish history inscribed itself into the cityscape in such a way that you can still easily perceive the structure of the ghetto. It is not Susanne Urbans\u2019 intention to establish an exhibition about everyday Jewish culture: \u201cI think it is more surprising to show how up-to-date and also\u2014according to their own time\u2014how liberal the thinking of the Jewish scholars once was.\u201d And, in a sense, also how European, since rabbis such as Raschi\u2014himself a Frenchman\u2014spread their knowledge far beyond national borders. When the application for the ShUM cities will be issued to the UNESCO in 2020, history will play a major role, but the future will, too. The tombstone of Johanna Pfung is a wonderful symbol for that. Her tree trunk grows new shoots\u2014its roots, however, reach deep into the earth of Worms.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0538.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3969\" src=\"http:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0538.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1286\" height=\"858\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0538.jpg 1286w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0538-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0538-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/DSC0538-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1286px) 100vw, 1286px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schumstaedte.de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.schumstaedte.de<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Speyer, Worms and Mainz have a rich Jewish heritage. This is why Susanne Urban wants UNESCO to designate them as a world heritage site. Their monuments are more than 1,000 years old\u2014and their messages still relevant. \u00a0 &nbsp; The first thing that comes to mind is the children of the deceased. Johanna Pfung\u2019s gravestone looks &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,60,1579],"tags":[27,36,80,105,122,149,160,207,322,326,393,394,395,396,397,398],"class_list":["post-3986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","category-culture","category-womens-affairs","tag-metropolregion-rhein-neckar","tag-worms","tag-wo-sonst","tag-la-mag","tag-metropolregion-rhein-neckar-en","tag-worms-en","tag-la-mag-en","tag-wo-sonst-en","tag-speyer","tag-speyer-en","tag-schum-staedte","tag-friedhof","tag-juedisches-erbe","tag-friedhof-en","tag-juedisches-erbe-en","tag-schum-staedte-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Roots into the future - wo sonst<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/roots-into-the-future\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Roots into the future - wo sonst\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Speyer, Worms and Mainz have a rich Jewish heritage. This is why Susanne Urban wants UNESCO to designate them as a world heritage site. Their monuments are more than 1,000 years old\u2014and their messages still relevant. \u00a0 &nbsp; The first thing that comes to mind is the children of the deceased. Johanna Pfung\u2019s gravestone looks ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/en\/roots-into-the-future\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"wo sonst\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/wosonst.eu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-06-01T08:03:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-01-18T13:57:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wosonst.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/DSC0558.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1043\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"696\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ralf Laubscher\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ralf Laubscher\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/roots-into-the-future\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/roots-into-the-future\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Laubscher\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a496069e50fdc53513fb2f8d6d08ed30\"},\"headline\":\"Roots into the future\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-06-01T08:03:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-01-18T13:57:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/roots-into-the-future\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1374,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/roots-into-the-future\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/DSC0558.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar\",\"Worms\",\"Wo Sonst\",\"LA.MAG\",\"Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar\",\"Worms\",\"LA.MAG\",\"Wo Sonst\",\"Speyer\",\"Speyer\",\"SchUM-St\u00e4dte\",\"Friedhof\",\"J\u00fcdisches Erbe\",\"Friedhof\",\"J\u00fcdisches Erbe\",\"SchUM-St\u00e4dte\"],\"articleSection\":[\"wo sonst\",\"Culture\",\"Women\u2019s affairs\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/roots-into-the-future\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wosonst.eu\\\/en\\\/roots-into-the-future\\\/\",\"name\":\"Roots into the future - 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This is why Susanne Urban wants UNESCO to designate them as a world heritage site. Their monuments are more than 1,000 years old\u2014and their messages still relevant. \u00a0 &nbsp; The first thing that comes to mind is the children of the deceased. 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